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Wood tables provide a classic and timeless look to any home. They can be used in a variety of ways, from dining room tables to coffee tables, desks, and beyond. Finishing a wood table is an important step in its maintenance and care, as it helps keep the surface clean and looking great for years to come. With the right tools and techniques, finishing a wood table can be done easily, even by the novice DIYer. Let’s take a look at how to finish wood table.
The first step is to prepare the surface of the wood. This means sanding it with fine-grit sandpaper to remove any blemishes, scratches, or other imperfections. Make sure to sand with the grain of the wood and use a vacuum or cloth to remove any dust created. Next, apply a coat of stain to the wood as it ensures the color of the wood is even across the entire surface. Once it has dried, it’s time to apply a topcoat. This can be either a varnish, lacquer, shellac, or polyurethane. Each product has its own unique benefits, so consider your needs and the look you’re going for when choosing a topcoat.
When it comes to finishing a wooden table like a pro, there is also a lot more involved rather than just applying a finish to the surface. To truly make your wood table look its best, you should also consider adding a few extra touches. We’ll discuss a few items you can use to achieve a professional-grade finish so keep reading.
How To Finish Wood Table: Background Information
Wood finish is a protective layer that can be applied to wood surfaces, like tables and chairs. It provides a seal for the surface of the wood, preventing it from damage due to wear and tear, water or dirt. The finish also serves an aesthetic purpose, providing a glossy sheen that enhances the beauty of the wood.
When considering wood finishing, the furniture and its purpose always come to mind as each requires different considerations. So, when thinking of finishing a wooden table like a pro, think of the treatment it requires.
Types of Wood Table Finishes
There are a few different types of finishes that can be used on a wooden table, each with its own benefits and drawbacks. Some of the most common wood finishes are:
Food-safe Finish
A food-safe finish is a type of wood sealant that is specifically designed to be used on surfaces where food may come into contact. These are wood-finishing products designed to be used in areas where food may be served or prepared, such as kitchen tables and dining room sets.
Even though most wood finishes are non-toxic once completely dry, a food-safe finish is the best choice for wooden table tops that will come into contact with food.
Varnish
Varnish is a type of wood finish that is made up of a resin and oil combination. It provides a hard, protective coating on the surface of the wood, with the added benefit of a glossy sheen. It is also highly resistant to moisture, making it ideal for outdoor furniture.
Lacquer
Lacquer is a type of finish that is made up of nitrocellulose, solvent, and plasticizers. It dries quickly and provides a very durable and glossy finish. Therefore, it is often used for furniture, as it provides an excellent protective layer that is resistant to wear and tear.
Wax
Wax is a popular choice for wood finishes, as it provides an attractive sheen and gives a smooth, satin-like finish. Waxing is done by applying a layer of wax to the wood surface and buffing it off to form a protective layer. It is ideal for furniture pieces that are not heavily used, as it does not provide a great deal of protection against wear and tear.
Paint
Painting is another option for wood finishing. It provides a colorful and attractive finish that can be used to either highlight the natural grain of the wood or create a completely new look. Paint can be applied to the surface either by hand or with a spray gun, depending on the desired effect.
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How To Finish Wood Table: Step-by-Step Guide
Now that you know the different types of finishes available, let’s discuss the steps involved in properly finishing and sealing a wood table.
Step One: Preparing the Wood
Inspect the wood and assess whether you are satisfied with the condition of the surface. If it has bumps, scratches, or dents, sand them out with fine-grit sandpaper then wipe out and clean any dust and debris. Dirt and debris can lead to uneven finishes which can ultimately result in an unattractive end product.
The type of finish you choose can also affect the type of preparation depending on the type of wood and its condition. For instance, if you are finishing a tabletop with lacquer, it is best to use a primer before applying the finish while for wax, no additional preparation is necessary.
Step Two: Staining
Staining is a great way to enhance the natural beauty of wood, as it brings out its natural grain and color. It is also an excellent choice for older tables that have faded over time because it can give the table a new life by restoring its original hue and vibrancy.
The stain should be carefully applied with a brush or cloth, and the excess wiped away immediately. Allow the stain to penetrate into the wood for at least thirty minutes before wiping away any excess, then allow it to dry completely.
In some cases, you can skip this step if you plan on painting or sealing the table. This is because staining is mostly about enhancing the wood’s natural color and texture, which painting or sealing will cover up.
Step Three: Applying the Finish
Once the stain has had time to dry, it is time to apply the finish. Depending on the type of finish you chose, the application process will vary.
For varnish, use a brush or foam pad to apply the finish in thin coats. Allow each coat to dry completely before applying the next layer so that the finish will dry evenly. After three or four coats, the table should have an even and glossy finish.
For lacquer, apply the finish with either a brush or spray gun. Make sure that the coats are even and free of drips, as they can be difficult to remove once dried. As with varnish, allow the coats to dry completely before applying the next layer.
For wax, apply the wax with either a brush or cloth and then buff it off with a clean cloth. This will create a protective layer that will give the wood an attractive sheen.
Step Four: Final Touches
Once the finish has dried, it is important to inspect the surface of the table and make sure that it looks even and attractive. If there are any flaws or blemishes, they can be fixed with either sandpaper or steel wool.
Finally, apply a layer of furniture wax to the wood, which will help protect it from wear and tear. You can skip this step if you have already applied a wax finish or depending on the type of finish used.
Tips and Tricks for Professional Grade Finishing
Always Use High-quality Finishing Products
Cheaper products may provide a less-than-satisfactory finish or can even damage the wood since some low-grade products contain chemicals that can strip away the natural oils in the wood. It is always best to invest in high-quality products so you can be sure that your table will look great and last for years to come.
Practice Makes Perfect
Finishing wood takes patience and practice, so don’t be discouraged if it doesn’t turn out perfectly the first time. With experience, you will learn which products work best for a particular surface, and how to apply them correctly to get the exact look you desire.
Take Your Time
Don’t rush the process, and make sure that each step is done correctly so you will be satisfied with the end result. Give enough time for the finish to dry and for the final touches to be made. Rushing can lead to mistakes, so it is important to take your time and make sure that the job is done right.
Safety First
Always wear protective gear such as gloves and goggles when working with finishing products to avoid skin and eye irritation. Make sure the area is well-ventilated, as some of these products can produce fumes that are hazardous to your health.
Frequently Asked Questions On How To Finish Wood Table: FAQs
How Long Should You Wait Before Applying a Finish to New Wood?
It is best to wait about two weeks before applying any finish or sealer to new wood. This is because the wood needs time to dry and settle in order to achieve the best finish results. Using a finish too soon can lead to an uneven and unsatisfactory result.
What Type of Finish Should I Use for Outdoor Furniture?
For outdoor furniture, it is best to use a finish that is designed for outdoor use. These finishes are typically water-resistant and have UV blockers to prevent fading and yellowing from the sun. Popular choices include polyurethane, varnish, lacquer, and wax as they are all weather-resistant and can help protect the furniture from wear and tear.
Can I Apply a Finish Over an Old Finish?
Yes, you can apply a finish over an old finish; however, it is important to make sure the old finish is in good condition, free of any cracks or chips. If the old finish is still in good shape, you can apply a new finish directly over it. Otherwise, you will need to strip the old finish off in order to achieve the best results.
How To Finish Wood Table: Conclusion
Finishing and sealing a wood table is an easy and rewarding job that can be done with basic tools and supplies. Begin by preparing the wood, then apply a stain to enhance the grain and color. Depending on the type of finish you chose, apply one or more layers with either a brush, foam pad, or spray gun. You can also use a topcoat of choice, such as furniture wax, to protect the finish and give it a professional-grade shine. With these easy steps, you’ll be on your way to transforming your wood table like a pro.
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