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Polyurethane and lacquer are both types of finishes that can be used on wood. Are you wondering which one would be most appropriate for your next project? Here is a detailed comparison to help you choose between polyurethane or lacquer.
The main difference between polyurethane and lacquer is that polyurethane is a type of plastic, while lacquer is a type of resin. Lacquer is also thinner than polyurethane. Polyurethane is used when a thicker coat is desired, while lacquer is used when a thinner coat is adequate.
Polyurethane is a thicker finish that is often used on furniture and cabinets. Conversely, Lacquer is a thinner finish that can be used on furniture, cabinets, and other woodworking projects.
The Difference Between Polyurethane and Lacquer
What Is Polyurethane?
Polyurethane is a synthetic, oil-based finish commonly used for interior and exterior wood surfaces. Its durability and resistance to wear and tear make it a popular choice for furniture, flooring, and cabinetry. When applied correctly, polyurethane can produce a glossy, smooth finish that enhances the natural beauty of wood. It’s also water-resistant, which makes it a good choice for kitchens, bathrooms, and other high-moisture areas.
What Is Lacquer?
Lacquer is a type of fast-drying, solvent-based finish that is commonly used in woodworking and furniture finishing. Unlike polyurethane, lacquer is a film-forming finish, meaning it forms a thin, continuous layer over the surface of the wood.
This gives it a smooth, glossy appearance that enhances the natural beauty of the wood grain. Lacquer is also water-resistant, making it a good choice for high-moisture areas. However, it’s important to note that it’s not as durable as polyurethane, so it’s more susceptible to wear and tears over time.
Lacquer is a finish that is made from lacquer thinner and polyurethane. It is a thin, glossy finish that can be used on furniture, cabinets, and other woodworking projects.
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Types Of Polyurethane
There are two main types of polyurethane finishes: oil-based and water-based. Oil-based polyurethane is the more traditional option known for its durability and resistance to wear and tear. It’s also more resistant to yellowing and has a slightly longer curing time.
On the other hand, water-based polyurethane is a more environmentally-friendly option that dries faster and has less of a strong odor. However, it’s not as durable as oil-based polyurethane and can be more prone to scratches and other types of damage.
There are two major types of polyurethane:
1. Oil-Based Polyurethane
Oil-based polyurethane is the most common type of polyurethane.
It is a durable finish that can be applied over wood, metal, and other surfaces.
It is also resistant to scratches and dents.
However, it is not water-resistant, and it can be toxic if inhaled.
Oil-based polyurethane must be applied with a brush, and it takes at least 24 hours to dry.
It is available in both gloss and matte finishes.
2. Water-Based Polyurethane
Water-based polyurethane is a newer type of polyurethane.
It is more environmentally friendly than oil-based polyurethane, and it is not as toxic.
However, it is not as durable as oil-based polyurethane.
Water-based polyurethane is available in both gloss and matte finishes.
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Types Of Lacquer
There are two main types of lacquer finishes: nitrocellulose and catalyzed. Nitrocellulose lacquer is the traditional option known for its fast-drying properties and glossy, smooth finish. It’s also relatively easy to work with and is commonly used for furniture finishing.
Catalyzed lacquer, on the other hand, is a more durable and water-resistant option that is commonly used for cabinetry and kitchen countertops. It’s also more expensive and requires special equipment to apply.
There are three types of lacquer:
1. Nitrocellulose Lacquer
Nitrocellulose lacquer is the oldest type of lacquer made from cellulose and nitric acid.
It is the most common type of lacquer and can be used on various surfaces.
However, it is not as durable as other types of lacquer and can easily scratch and chip.
It is used mainly for furniture and cabinets.
2. Polyurethane Lacquer
Polyurethane lacquer is a newer type of lacquer that is made from polyurethane and lacquer thinner.
It is more durable than nitrocellulose lacquer and can be used on a variety of surfaces.
However, it is not as glossy as other types of lacquer and can give a “plastic“ look to finished projects.
It is used mainly for floors and furniture.
3. Acrylic Lacquer
Acrylic lacquer is the newest type of lacquer and is made from acrylic and lacquer thinner.
It is the most durable type of lacquer and can be used on a variety of surfaces.
It is also the glossiest type of lacquer and can give a “shiny” look to finished projects.
Mainly for furniture, cabinets, and other woodworking projects.
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How To Apply Polyurethane
Polyurethane can be applied with a brush, roller, or spray gun.
Step One: Stir the Polyurethane Before You Start to Apply It.
Stir the polyurethane thoroughly before using it.
This will help to ensure that the finish is smooth and even.
Step Two: Apply the Polyurethane to The Surface Using a Brush, Roller, Or Spray Gun.
Make sure to apply it evenly and in a well- polyurethane in thin coats to avoid runs and sags.
Do not apply too much at once, or it will be difficult to spread evenly.
Step Three: Let Dry
Allow the polyurethane to dry for at least 24 hours before using the furniture or cabinets.
Step Four: Buff the Polyurethane
After the polyurethane has dried, you can buff it with a soft cloth to give it a glossy finish.
Step Five: Seal Polyurethane, You Can Seal It With A Polyurethane Topcoat
This will give the polyurethane an extra layer.
If you want to protect the polyurethane finish further, you can seal it with a polyurethane sealer.
Step Six: Clean
Be sure to clean up any polyurethane that spills with a cloth and mineral spirits.
Related Post: Is Polyurethane Toxic?
How To Apply Lacquer In 5 Easy Steps
Lacquer can be applied with a brush, roller, or spray gun.
Step One: Sand the Surface
Sand the surface of the wood with 180-grit sandpaper.
This will remove any dirt, dust, or oils from the surface and allow the lacquer to adhere better.
Step Two: Apply A Coat of Primer
Apply a coat of primer to the wood.
The primer will help seal the wood and prevent it from absorbing the lacquer.
Step Three: Apply the Lacquer
Apply the lacquer in thin coats.
It is important to apply the lacquer thin because it will dry quickly, and you don’t want it to be too thick.
If the lacquer is too thick, it can cause runs and drips.
Step Four: Allow the Lacquer to Dry Completely
Allow the lacquer to dry completely before applying another coat.
Step 5: Sand the Surface
Sand the surface of the wood with 220-grit sandpaper.
This will smooth out the finish and remove any bumps or imperfections.
How to Remove Lacquer
If you want to remove the lacquer from a finished project, you can use lacquer thinner.
Steps:
- Put on safety glasses and gloves
- Pour lacquer thinner into a metal container
- Place the metal container on top of the project and allow the lacquer thinner to soak in
- Use a brush to scrub the lacquer off of the project
- Rinse the project with water and dry it completely
Polyurethane Vs Lacquer: Head To Head Comparison
When it comes to protecting and enhancing the look of your furniture or other wooden surfaces, you have two main options: polyurethane and lacquer. Both offer a durable and attractive finish, but there are differences between the two that are important to consider. Let’s take a closer look at polyurethane vs lacquer and compare them in key areas.
1. Durability
Polyurethane is known for its durability and resistance to scratches, dents, and wear and tear. It is also resistant to water, making it a popular choice for surfaces that may come into contact with liquids.
Conversely, lacquer can be prone to cracking, chipping, and peeling over time, especially if it is not applied properly. However, lacquer dries much faster than polyurethane, making it a good choice for projects requiring a quick turnaround.
2. Finish
Polyurethane provides a thicker, more glossy finish that can enhance the natural beauty of the wood. It is available in a variety of sheens, from matte to high gloss, allowing you to choose the shine that best suits your needs. Conversely, Lacquer dries to a smooth, hard finish that can also be glossy or matte but is not as thick as polyurethane.
3. Cost
Polyurethane is typically more expensive than lacquer but is also longer-lasting and more durable. This means that over time, polyurethane may be the more cost-effective option, as it will not need to be reapplied as often as lacquer.
4. Interior/Exterior
Both polyurethane and lacquer can be used on interior and exterior surfaces, although they may require different application techniques or products depending on the intended use. Polyurethane is a popular choice for interior surfaces, such as furniture.
At the same time, lacquer may be preferred for exterior surfaces, such as decks and outdoor furniture, due to its fast-drying time.
5. Water Resistance
Polyurethane is known for its excellent water resistance, making it a good choice for surfaces that may come into contact with liquids. Conversely, lacquer is not as water-resistant as polyurethane and may require more frequent reapplication if used in high-moisture areas.
6. Wear and Tear
Polyurethane is known for its resistance to wear and tear, making it a popular choice for high-use surfaces, such as floors or kitchen countertops. While not as durable as polyurethane, Lacquer can be a good choice for surfaces that may not require heavy use, such as decorative pieces or picture frames.
7. Application
Polyurethane can be more difficult to apply than lacquer, requiring multiple coats and taking longer to dry. It is important to follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully and allow ample time for each coat to dry before applying the next. Conversely, Lacquer dries quickly and can be applied in a single or a few coats, making it a good choice for projects requiring a quick turnaround.
8. Drying Time
Polyurethane takes much longer to dry than lacquer, often taking several hours or overnight between coats. This can be a drawback if you must complete a project quickly, but it also allows ample time for each coat to dry and bond properly. Lacquer dries much faster, often within 15 to 20 minutes, making it a good choice for projects that require a quick turnaround.
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FAQs
When Should I Use Polyurethane Instead of Lacquer?
The choice between polyurethane and lacquer depends on your project requirements and personal preferences. Lacquer is a good choice if you are looking for a fast-drying finish that provides a high-gloss appearance. On the other hand, if you want a durable and long-lasting finish that can withstand wear and tear, polyurethane is a better choice.
Which Is More Water-Resistant, Polyurethane or Lacquer?
Polyurethane is known for its superior water resistance compared to lacquer. This makes it a great choice for projects exposed to moisture or humidity, such as furniture for bathrooms or kitchens. However, lacquer can also provide good water resistance if applied properly and cured fully.
How Long Does Polyurethane Last?
Polyurethane is known for its long-lasting durability and resistance to wear and tear. If applied properly and allowed to cure fully, a polyurethane finish can last for several years or even decades, depending on the conditions it is exposed to.
How Long Does Lacquer Last?
Lacquer is a fast-drying and volatile finish that provides a high-gloss appearance. While it is not as durable as polyurethane, it can still last for several years if applied properly and cured fully. However, it is more susceptible to wear and tear compared to polyurethane.
Polyurethane vs Spar Varnish? Which one is better?
The choice between polyurethane and spar varnish depends on your project requirements and personal preferences. Lacquer is a good choice if you are looking for a fast-drying finish that provides a high-gloss appearance. On the other hand, if you want a durable and long-lasting finish that can withstand wear and tear, polyurethane is a better choice.
Conclusion
In conclusion, polyurethane and lacquer are both popular finishes that offer their own unique advantages and disadvantages. When choosing between the two, consider factors such as durability, finish, cost, water resistance, and drying time. By weighing these factors against your project requirements and personal preferences, you can make an informed decision about which finish is right for you.
